The Jaguar E-Type, or the Jaguar XK-E for the North American market, is a British sports car that was manufactured by Jaguar Cars Ltd between 1961 and 1975. Its combination of beauty, high performance, and competitive pricing established the model as an icon of the motoring world. The E-Type's 150 mph (241 km/h) top speed, sub-7-second 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) acceleration, monocoque construction, disc brakes, rack-and-pinion steering, and independent front and rear suspension distinguished the car and spurred industry-wide changes. The E-Type was based on Jaguar's D-Type racing car, which had won the 24 Hours of Le Mans three consecutive years beginning 1955, and employed what was, for the early 1960s, a novel racing design principle, with a front subframe carrying the engine, front suspension and front bodywork bolted directly to the body tub. No ladder frame chassis, as was common at the time, was needed and as such the first cars weighed only 1315kg (2900lb). On its release in March 1961] Enzo Ferrari called it 'the most beautiful car ever made'. In 2004, Sports Car International magazine placed the E-Type at number one on their list of Top Sports Cars of the 1960s. In March 2008, the Jaguar E-Type ranked first in The Daily Telegraph online list of the worlds' '100 most beautiful cars' of all time. Outside automotive circles, the E-type received prominent placement in Diabolic comic series, Austin Powers films and the television series Mad Men.The E-Type was initially designed and shown to the public as a rear-wheel drive grand tourer in two-seater coupe form (FHC or Fixed Head Coupe) and as a two- seater convertible 'roadster' (OTS or Open Two Seater). A '2+2' four-seater version of the coupe, with a lengthened wheelbase, was released several years later.Later model updates of the E-Type were officially designated 'Series 2' and 'Series 3', and over time the earlier cars have come to be referred to as 'Series 1.' As with other partly hand made cars of the time,